In virtually all Western societies, execution of a pregnant woman would be delayed until after the woman gave birth, which no doubt gave rise to a desperate effort on the part of some condemned women to get pregnant. There were no five-minute pregnancy tests back then, so most condemned women claimed to be with child, as a kind of last-ditch appeal. In fact, one of the most notorious early murder cases in American history involved just such a case. The beautiful 32-year-old Bathsheeba Spooner of Brookfield, Massachusetts, was convicted of conspiring to murder her wealthy elderly husband in 1778 and sentenced to die in one of the first capital cases of the new United States. Midwives -- after much argument -- decided Bathsheeba was not pregnant. An autopsy later revealed a five-month-old fetus.