MDS, or myelodysplastic syndromes, are a group of disorders in the bone marrow resulting in excessive production of blood stem cells that do not mature and function properly, leading to lack of healthy blood cell types and fatal complications. Many experts, when considering what is MDS, see it also a form of cancer like leukemia and breast cancer. Formerly known as ‘preleukemia’, these hematological conditions often result to defective myeloid blood cells and typically develop to acute myelogenous leukemia or AML. However, only about one third of MDS cases transformed to AML within months to several years. Anemia is also present.